Tellurian.



No. 644,626. Patented Mar. '6, |900. J. P. MGDANIELS &. J. L. SWAN.

TELLURIAN.

(Application med om., 31. 1899.)

(No Model.)

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lNrTnD STATES PATENT Tric'.

JAMES P. MCDANIELS AND JOHN L. SVAN, OF I'IODUNK, MICHIGAN.

TELLURIAN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 644,626, dated March6, 1900'.

Application filed October 3l, 1899. Serial No. 73 5,415. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern: A

Be it known that we, JAMES P. MCDANIELS and JOHN L. SWAN, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Hodunk, in the county of Branch and Stateof Michigan, have invented a new and useful Tellurian, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in tellurians; and the object inview is to provide an improved and simple construction embracing anumber of elements operable from a single source of power to indicatethe yearly orbit of the earth around the sun, the inclination of theearths axis to the plane of the earths yearly orbit, and the orbitalmotion of the moon around the earth and the travel of the moon with theearth around the sun, thereby demonstrating the changes of day andnight, the change in the seasons of the year,

the cause of eclipse of the moon, the tides, and other phenomena.

With these ends in view the invention consists in the construction andcombination of parts,whichwill be hereinafter fully described andclaimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a tellurian constructed inaccordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional elevationtaken in the plane of the dotted line 2 2 on Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a' detailsectional elevation of the means for rotating the earthglobe on its axisand for rotating the support for the earth-globe.

The same numerals and letters of reference are used to indicate like andcorresponding parts in the several figures of the drawings.

The operating parts of the tellurian are supported in an elevatedposition by a suitable base 5. A vertical stationary spindle 6 projectsupwardly from the center of the base, to which the spindle is firmlysecured by'any suitable means, and this spindle is provided with a solidbearing 7, arranged above the base. A hollow revoluble column is fittedloosely on the spindle to rotate freely thereon, said column beingexternally of angular or polygonal form for the secure attachment of ahorizontal table 9 thereto; but the contour of the column is notmaterial, because its shape can be varied and the table secured by anysuitable means. The column extends from the bearing 7 of the spindlenearly to the upper end of the spindle itself, and the table is arrangedto rotate with the column in a horizontal plane and on a vertical axiswhich is afforded by the spindle 6. This revoluble horizontal table isprovided with a peripheral series of beveled gear-teeth l0, with whichengages a beveled master-gear 11,which is xed to a horizontaldriving-shaft 12. Said shaft is journaled in suitable bearings 13,preferably on the under side of the base A5, and a hand-crank or otherpower appliance 14 is secured to this shaft for the purpose of rotatingthe master-gear and the horizontal table 9. On the upper surface of thistable is provided an annular gear-track l5, which is located to one sideof the spindle 6, so that the imaginary axis of the gear-track iseccentric to the axis of the table. Of course the gear-track travelswith the table when it is rotated by the master-gear, and thus thegeartrack moves with the table around the spindle, so as to lie at thesaine distance therefrom at all points iu the rotary travel of thetable.

16 designates a short vertical post which is provided at its lower endwith a pintle 17, the latter being tted revolubly in an opening of the`table and at the center or axis of the annular track 15, whereby thepost is arranged concentric with said gear-track. The post is,furthermore, provided at its upper end with an integral inclined arm 18,which extends in an upward and outward direction from the post, and inthis arm is journaled the axial spindle or arbor 19', which supports aglobe or sphere E, representing the earth. Said axial arbor is mountedon the inclined arm of the post to lie at an inclination of twenty-threeand one-half degrees to the perpendicular, or approximately so, and tothe lower extremity of the arbor is fastened a beveled gear-wheel 20.Ahorizontal shaft 2l is journaled in the post 16, below the inclined armthereof, one end of said shaft being provided with a bevelgear 22, whichmeshes with the bevel-gear 20 on the earth-arbor. The other end of thishorizontal shaft 21 has a spur gear-pinion 23, which meshes withaspur-gear 24 on another horizontal shaft 25, also j ournaled in the post16 and in parallel relation to theshaft 2l, said IOO gear 2l meshingwith the teeth of the annular' gear-track 15 on the revoluble table.

The pintle 17, which revolubly supports the post 1G on the table, isextended through the latter a suitable distance to receive a spurgear-pinion 26. A fixed gear 27 is secured on the stationary spindle 6,above the bearing 7 thereon, for the revoluble table to rest loosely onsaid gear, and an intermediate gear 28 is mounted idly on the under sideof this table 9 to have intermeshing engagement with the stationary gear27 and with the gear 26 on the pintle of the post 1G. The describedgearing serves to rotate the post 1G on a vertical axis and the earthglobe or sphere E on an inclined axis when the table 9 is rotated by thedriving-shaft. It is to be observed that the post 1G travels with thetable around the gear 27, and this causes the gears 2S 2G to turn thepost 1G on a vertical axis. The rotation of the post insures the travelof the gear 24 around the annular gear-track 15, and this gear 24 isthus turned in order to propel the shaft 2l, which in turn rotates thearbor 19, so that the earth-globe E will be rotated on its axis.

The globe or sphere S, emblematical of the sun, is mounted in a fixed oridle position on the hollow column 8, said sun globe or sphere beingarranged, preferably, in the horizontal plane of the earths sphere orglobe.

The moon in our tellurian is indicated by the letter M, which is a globeof smaller diameter than the spheres indicative of the earth and thesun, and this moon-sphere is mounted and operated to travel around theearth-sphere and to partake of the orbital motion of the earths spherearound the suns sphere. The globe M is carried by a curved arm 29, whichis provided with an angular end 30, the latter fitted loosely in theouter end portion of a horizontal carrying-arm 31, the latter being madefast with the upper extremity of the hollow revoluble column 8. Astationary gear 32 is made fast with the upper extremity of the spindle6 at a point above the horizontal arm 3l, and to the end 30 of thecurved arm 29 is fastened a small gearpinion 33. One or moreintermediate gears 34 are mounted idly on the horizontal arm 31 inpositions to mesh with the gears 32 33, and as the gear 32 isstationary, while the other gears of the train travel with the arm 31 asthe latter rotates with the column 8, the gear 33 will be propelled tomake the curved arm 29 and the moons sphere pursue an orbital patharound the earths sphere E.

The travel of the post 16 and the earthglobe thereon,with the table,around the suns sphere indicates the yearly orbit of the earth aroundthe sun to effect the change of seasons; but at all points in theorbital travel of the earth-globe the axial spindle thereof remains inan inclined position to the plane of the earths orbit. The trains ofgearing from the stationary element 27 to the inclined spindle of theearth-globe insure the rotation of the earth on its axis for effectingthe change of night to day, and vice versa. The moons sphere travelswith the horizontal arm and the column, so that the moon partakes of theyearly orbit of the earth around the sun, and at the same time the moonssphere is propelled at a speed to pursue an orbital path around theearths sphere, thus demonstrating the cause of eclipses.

Our tellurian has its elements organized to illustrate the changes ofday and night, the seasons of the year, variations in the tides, and thecauses of eclipses.

Changes within the scope of the appended claims may be made in the formand proportion of some of the parts, while their essential features areretained and the spirit of the invention is embodied. Hence we do notdesire to be limited to the precise form of all the parts as shown,reserving the right to vary therefrom.

Having thus described the invention, what we claim is- 1. A telluriaucomprising a non-revoluble spindle, a hollow column fit-ted loosely onthe spindle, an emblem representative of the sun on the said column, asphere emblematical of the earth and having an orbital path around thesun-emblem', a carrying-arm fast with the upper end of the hollow columnand normally overhanging the earth-sphere, an arm jonrnaled on thecarrying-arm and supporting an emblem representing the moon adapted topur# sue an orbital path around the earth-sphere, for the purposedescribed, substantially as set forth.

2. A tellurian comprising a non-revoluble spindle, a hollow columnfitted loosely thereon, a table fast with the column, means for rotatingsaid table, a sphere mounted on the ltable to travel therewith andhaving means for rotating the same on its axis,*a horizontal arln fastwith the column, a curved arm journaled in the horizontal arm andcarrying an emblem indicating the moon, a stationary gear fast with thespindle, and other gears between the stationary gear and the curved arm,substantially as described.

3. A tellurian, comprising a base, a vertically-disposed fixed spindlesupported thereby, a hollow column fitted loosely on the spindle, anemblem representing the sun carried by said column, a circular tablefixed to the hollow column, and having a peripheral series ofgear-teeth,a master-gear mounted upon the base, means for operatin g themaster-gear, a gear fixed to the fixed spindle, an inclined spindlemounted upon the table, located eccentric wit-h respect to the fixedspindle and traveling with the table about the sun-emblem, anearth-emblem independently revoluble upon the inclined spindle, a trainof gears between the inclined spindle and the fixed gear, and alsocarried by the table, a carrying-arm fixed to the hollow column andalined normally above the sun and earth em- IOO our own we have heretoaffixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

JAMES P. MCDANIELS. JOHN L. SWAN.

Witnesses:

J. W. MCCAUSEY, L. F. HoLooMBE.

